Recently revised Pentagon policy allows for autonomous use of lethal force. In test later this year, combat drone will be asked to chase, kill simulated target, coming up with own strategy for mission. Second program’s goal is Air Force that is more unpredictable and lethal.
Never going to happen. Even if something was signed, everyone would just develop the tech secretly. It’s not like nukes where you need large, special equipment like refineries that investigators can track, and special ores. If you’ve got some nerds with nice graphics cards, you’re off to a good start. Getting more advanced is easy if you produce your own chips, and looks the same as regular consumer demand to anyone suspicious.